If you’re planning to work in Thailand—whether as a teacher, employee, business owner, or consultant—you’ll need a Thai Work Permit. It’s a key requirement that often gets overlooked or misunderstood, especially by new arrivals who assume a visa alone is enough to start working.
Thailand has strict regulations when it comes to foreign employment. Even part-time roles, freelance work, and volunteering can require a valid work permit, depending on the nature of the activity. Without one, you risk fines, deportation, or worse—a mark on your record that could impact future visa applications.
This article offers a clear, practical overview of how the Thailand Work Permit system works. I’ll explain who needs one, how to apply, what documents are required, and how to avoid common pitfalls.
What Is a Thai Work Permit?
A Thailand Work Permit is an official document issued by the Ministry of Labour that allows a foreign national to legally work in the Kingdom. It outlines key details such as your job title, the company you’re employed by, and the location of your workplace. Without this permit, any form of employment—whether full-time, part-time, or even voluntary—can be considered illegal under Thai law.
It’s essential to understand that a work permit is not the same as a visa. While a visa allows you to stay in the country, the work permit is what gives you the legal right to work.
To clarify:
- Visa = Entry and stay in Thailand (e.g., Non-Immigrant B Visa).
- Work Permit = Legal authorization to perform a specific job for a specific employer.
Most foreigners seeking employment in Thailand will first need to secure a Non-Immigrant “B” Visa, which serves as a prerequisite for applying for a work permit. However, holding the visa alone does not allow you to start working.
In general, here’s what the work permit will specify:
- Your full name and passport details.
- The name and address of your employer.
- Your job title and responsibilities.
- The location(s) where you are permitted to work.
- The duration of permitted employment.
It’s also worth noting:
- Only certain professions are open to foreigners. Thailand has a list of occupations that are restricted to Thai nationals.
- Your employer must meet certain conditions, such as being properly registered, having a minimum amount of paid-up capital, and employing a specific number of Thai staff per foreign worker.
- Freelancing or self-employment is typically not permitted unless done under a properly registered Thai company that sponsors your work permit.
In short, if you plan to earn a living in Thailand—whether you’re in an office, classroom, or working remotely—it’s essential to understand how the work permit system works and ensure you’re in full compliance with Thai labour laws.
Who Needs a Work Permit?
In Thailand, the term “work” is interpreted broadly under the law. It includes physical or mental activity done for wages or any other form of compensation. This means that many activities that might seem informal or harmless can still legally require a work permit.
In general, you need a work permit if you are:
- Employed by a Thai company – Whether full-time or part-time, if you’re receiving a salary or compensation for your services, you must have a valid work permit.
- Running your own business in Thailand – Even if you’re the owner or director of a company, you still need a work permit to carry out day-to-day operations. Get the full rundown ===> Starting a Business in Thailand: A Practical Guide for Expats
- Teaching or consulting in any capacity – Positions in schools, training centers, or corporate environments require both a work permit and the appropriate visa.
- Working remotely for a foreign employer (in some cases) – While the legal status of digital nomads is still somewhat unclear, if you’re earning income while physically residing in Thailand, you may be considered as working under Thai law.
- Volunteering or helping with charitable activities – Unpaid work can still require a permit, depending on the nature of the activity and the interpretation by local authorities.
Keep in mind:
- Holding a tourist visa or education visa does not authorize work.
- You must apply for and receive your work permit before starting any kind of work.
- Each work permit is job-specific—you cannot use a permit from one job to perform a different role or work for another employer.
If you’re unsure whether your activity qualifies as “work,” it’s always best to seek clarification from the Ministry of Labour or a trusted legal advisor. Thai authorities tend to enforce labour laws strictly, and the consequences for working without a permit can be severe.
Requirements for a Work Permit
To apply for a work permit in Thailand, both the employer and the foreign employee must meet certain requirements. The process is handled by the Ministry of Labour and is generally only possible once you are already in Thailand on a valid Non-Immigrant Visa—most commonly, the Non-Immigrant “B” Visa.
Basic Eligibility Criteria
To qualify for a work permit, you must:
- Hold a valid Non-Immigrant Visa (usually Type B).
- Have a job offer or employment contract with a Thai company.
- Be working in an occupation not restricted to Thai nationals.
- Meet any specific education or experience requirements for your job (especially for teaching, engineering, or technical roles).
Requirements for the Employee
You’ll need to prepare the following documents:
- A valid passport with a Non-Immigrant Visa (and copies of all stamped pages).
- Recent passport-sized photographs (usually 3–5, with specific background and size requirements).
- A medical certificate issued by a Thai clinic or hospital, confirming you are free of certain communicable diseases.
- Educational diplomas or degrees, plus transcripts or professional licenses (depending on the job).
- An updated résumé or CV, showing relevant work experience.
- A signed employment contract or offer letter from your employer.
Requirements for the Employer
The employer must also provide supporting documents, including:
- A copy of the company’s certificate of incorporation and business registration.
- The company’s list of shareholders.
- A copy of the company’s VAT registration and recent tax filings.
- The company’s office lease agreement (to confirm a legitimate business address).
- Photos of the workplace, both interior and exterior.
- A company letter confirming your position, job description, salary, and duration of employment.
Additionally, the company must meet the following criteria:
- Have at least 2 million baht in registered capital per foreign employee (or 1 million if the employee is married to a Thai national).
- Employ at least four full-time Thai employees per foreigner.
- Be properly registered with the Department of Business Development (DBD).
These requirements are subject to change and can vary depending on your industry, visa type, and location. For highly skilled professionals or companies promoted by the Board of Investment (BOI), certain criteria may be relaxed.
Application Process
The process of obtaining a Thailand Work Permit typically involves two main steps: first securing the correct visa (usually the Non-Immigrant “B” Visa), and then applying for the work permit itself once you’re in the country. Timing, documentation, and coordination with your employer are critical throughout the process.
Step 1: Apply for a Non-Immigrant “B” Visa (Before Arrival)
Before you can apply for a work permit, you’ll need to obtain a Non-Immigrant “B” Visa from a Thai embassy or consulate outside Thailand. This visa allows you to enter the country for the purpose of employment.
Required documents typically include:
- Passport with at least 6 months validity
- Completed visa application form
- Recent passport-sized photo
- Letter of employment from a Thai company
- Company registration documents from your prospective employer
- Evidence of qualifications (e.g. degrees, certificates)
Note: Some Thai embassies may require additional documents or vary slightly in their procedures, so it’s best to check with the specific consulate where you intend to apply.
Read the Comprehensive Guide ===> Thailand Business Visa (Non-Immigrant B Visa)
Step 2: Enter Thailand and Begin Work Permit Application (After Arrival)
Once you’ve entered Thailand on a Non-Immigrant “B” Visa, your employer can begin the official application for your work permit. This process is handled by the Department of Employment, which operates under the Ministry of Labour. Applications are typically submitted at the provincial Labour Office where the company is registered, or in Bangkok for businesses based in the capital.
The work permit application must be submitted before you begin working, even if you’ve already arrived in Thailand. Working without an approved permit—even for a few days—can lead to serious penalties, including fines, deportation, or a ban from re-entering Thailand. The application requires a combination of documents from both you and your employer. These are submitted together, and both parties may be required to sign and stamp various forms throughout the process.
Documents you’ll need to provide include:
- Your passport, including copies of all pages with visa stamps and your current Non-Immigrant “B” Visa.
- A medical certificate issued by a licensed Thai clinic or hospital, confirming that you are free from specific communicable diseases such as tuberculosis, syphilis, and drug addiction.
- Copies of your educational qualifications and any relevant professional licenses or certifications. These may need to be translated into Thai and certified, depending on your role.
- An updated résumé or CV detailing your professional background and experience.
- A completed Work Permit Application Form (WP.1).
Your employer will simultaneously submit their own set of company documents, as described in the previous section. In most cases, your presence will be required at the Labour Office to sign documents, verify information, and have your photograph taken. Some provinces may also collect fingerprint data or conduct brief interviews, depending on the nature of the job and local procedures.
Once the application is submitted, the Labour Office will review the materials, verify the employer’s qualifications, and confirm that your job is not on the list of restricted occupations for foreigners.
Cost of a Thai Work Permit
The total cost of obtaining a work permit in Thailand includes several components. While the government fees are standardized, additional expenses may vary depending on your specific situation and choices.
Government Fees
The Thai Ministry of Labour sets the following fees for work permits:
- Application Fee: THB 100 per application form.
- Work Permit Fee (based on duration):
- Up to 3 months: THB 750
- More than 3 months up to 6 months: THB 1,500
- More than 6 months up to 12 months: THB 3,000
Additional fees may apply for amendments to the work permit:
- Changing or adding job description: THB 1,000 per change.
- Changing or adding employer: THB 3,000 per change.
- Changing or adding work location: THB 1,000 per change.
- Replacing a lost or damaged permit: THB 500 per replacement.
Additional Costs
Beyond the government fees, consider the following potential expenses:
- Medical Examination: Required for the work permit application; costs typically range from THB 500 to THB 1,000, depending on the clinic.
- Document Translation and Legalization: If your documents are not in Thai, translation and legalization may be necessary. Fees can vary based on the number and complexity of documents.
- Visa Fees: Obtaining a Non-Immigrant “B” Visa is a prerequisite for a work permit. The visa fees are:
- Single-entry visa: THB 2,000
- Multiple-entry visa: THB 5,000
- Visa Extension Fee: To extend your stay in Thailand, a visa extension fee of THB 1,900 applies.
- Re-entry Permit: If you plan to travel outside Thailand during your employment, you’ll need a re-entry permit to maintain your visa status:
- Single re-entry permit: THB 1,000
- Multiple re-entry permit: THB 3,800
- Professional Services: Engaging a legal firm or visa agent can facilitate the process. Service fees vary but typically range from THB 30,000 to THB 35,000.
Summary of Estimated Costs
| Expense | Estimated Cost (THB) |
| Application Fee | 100 |
| Work Permit Fee (up to 1 year) | 3,000 |
| Medical Examination | 500–1,000 |
| Document Translation & Legalization | Varies |
| Non-Immigrant “B” Visa | 2,000–5,000 |
| Visa Extension | 1,900 |
| Re-entry Permit | 1,000–3,800 |
| Professional Services (optional) | 30,000–35,000 |
These figures provide a general overview; actual costs may vary based on individual circumstances and choices.
Validity and Renewal
Once issued, a Thailand Work Permit is typically valid for the same duration as your underlying visa or employment contract—whichever is shorter. For most expats working under a standard Non-Immigrant “B” Visa, this means an initial validity of up to one year, though in some cases it may be shorter (e.g., 3 or 6 months, depending on the job and employer status).
Standard Validity
- Initial duration: Usually matches your visa or employment contract (commonly 1 year).
- Extensions: Renewable annually, provided you continue to meet the requirements.
- Linked to your visa: If your visa is extended, your work permit must also be updated accordingly.
Renewal Process
To renew your work permit, the application must be submitted before the current permit expires. In most cases, the process is similar to the original application and requires updated documents from both the employee and employer.
Documents typically required for renewal include:
- Your current work permit and passport
- Updated employment contract or confirmation of continued employment
- Medical certificate (issued within the past month)
- Company documents showing continued operation and compliance
Employers often handle this process on your behalf, especially if you’re working for a school, corporation, or well-established organization.
Important Considerations
- Timely renewal is crucial – You must submit the renewal application before your current permit expires to avoid lapses that could affect both your work status and visa.
- Changing jobs or employers requires a new application, not just a renewal. Your work permit is specific to the employer and job description stated in the original application.
- BOI-promoted companies may offer multi-year work permits and simplified renewal procedures, depending on their status.
Keeping your documents up to date and maintaining a good relationship with your employer can make the renewal process straightforward. Delays, missing paperwork, or changes in employment status can complicate things, so it’s always best to prepare well in advance.
Reporting & Responsibilities
Holding a Thailand Work Permit comes with specific legal responsibilities. It’s not just a one-time process—there are ongoing obligations that both the employee and employer must comply with to remain in good standing with Thai authorities.
Responsibilities of the Work Permit Holder
As a foreign worker in Thailand, you must:
- Work only in the role and location specified in your work permit. You are not allowed to take on additional jobs or freelance unless those roles are formally added to your permit.
- Carry your work permit with you or keep it at your workplace during working hours. Labour officials may request to see it during inspections.
- Update your work permit if there are any changes to:
- Your job title or responsibilities
- Your employer or company address
- Your workplace location
- Renew the work permit before it expires to avoid working illegally, which could result in fines or deportation.
90-Day Reporting
Although not specific to the work permit itself, foreigners staying in Thailand on long-term visas—including those with work permits—are required to report their current address every 90 days to immigration authorities.
There are several ways to complete this:
- In person at your local Immigration Office
- By mail (must be sent 7–15 days before the due date)
- Online via the Thai Immigration website, if eligible
Note: If you leave and re-enter Thailand, the 90-day count resets.
Employer’s Obligations
Your employer also has responsibilities, including:
- Notifying the Ministry of Labour if your employment ends, is suspended, or changes significantly.
- Maintaining compliance with Thai labour laws, including minimum salary levels and quotas for hiring Thai staff relative to foreign employees.
- Storing company and employee records for potential inspections by the Department of Employment or Immigration.
Failure to follow these regulations can have serious consequences for both the employee and the company, including fines, blacklisting, or legal action. Staying informed and proactive helps avoid unnecessary problems.
Working in Thailand? If you’re earning income locally, it’s important to understand your tax obligations. Read our full guide to Taxes in Thailand for Foreigners to stay compliant.
Changing Jobs or Employers
In Thailand, a work permit is tied specifically to your job, employer, and work location. This means that if you plan to change jobs—or even transfer within the same company to a new role or office—you’ll need to update or reapply for a new work permit. The same applies if your current employment ends for any reason.
If You Resign or Are Terminated
Once your employment ends:
- Your current work permit becomes invalid immediately.
- Your employer is legally required to notify the Ministry of Labour and cancel the permit.
- You must also return the physical permit to the Labour Office.
If you wish to remain in Thailand after your employment ends, you’ll need to either:
- Apply for a different type of visa (such as a tourist visa or extension based on other grounds), or
- Leave the country and re-enter with a new visa for your next position.
Failing to cancel your work permit and update your visa status in time can lead to overstay penalties and potential issues with future visa applications.
Starting a New Job
To begin working for a new employer, you’ll need to:
- Obtain a new Non-Immigrant “B” Visa, if your current visa was issued specifically for your previous employer. Some workers may be able to apply for a visa change or revalidation within Thailand, but this depends on immigration’s discretion.
- Submit a new work permit application with all the required documents, including:
- New employment contract
- Company registration and tax documents from the new employer
- Updated medical certificate
- Passport and visa copies
Each work permit is job-specific, so you cannot transfer an existing permit to a new employer—a fresh application is required.
Exceptions and Special Cases
- If you’re changing jobs within the same BOI-promoted company, the process may be more streamlined.
- In some industries or regions, local Labour Offices may allow for simplified procedures, especially if your new role is similar and your visa remains valid.
Changing jobs in Thailand isn’t difficult, but it requires coordination, attention to deadlines, and proper documentation. Always plan ahead and ensure all necessary paperwork is submitted before making the switch to avoid disruptions to your legal work status.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Navigating Thailand’s work permit system can be challenging, especially for those unfamiliar with local regulations or procedures. Even well-meaning expats can make missteps that lead to fines, denied applications, or visa issues. Here are some of the most common mistakes—and how to avoid them.
1. Working Without a Valid Work Permit
One of the most serious—and unfortunately common—mistakes is starting work before the permit is officially issued. Even if you have a Non-Immigrant “B” Visa or a job offer, you’re not legally allowed to work until the work permit is approved and in your possession.
Tip: Wait until the work permit is issued by the Ministry of Labour before performing any job duties.
2. Assuming a Visa Is Enough
A visa allows you to enter and stay in Thailand, but it does not authorize employment. A Non-Immigrant “B” Visa is only a prerequisite—it must be paired with a valid work permit to legally work.
Tip: Think of the visa as your entry pass and the work permit as your work license—both are essential.
3. Working Outside the Scope of the Permit
A Thai work permit is job-specific. It lists your role, employer, and work location. If you do any work beyond what’s specified—such as taking freelance gigs, consulting on the side, or helping another business—you could be in violation of the law.
Tip: If your role or responsibilities change, update your permit through the Labour Office.
4. Not Renewing on Time
Work permits must be renewed before they expire. Letting your permit lapse—even by a few days—can complicate future renewals or result in working illegally.
Tip: Set a reminder to begin the renewal process at least 30 days before the expiration date.
5. Trusting Unverified Advice
Online forums and Facebook groups can be helpful, but they’re often filled with outdated or inaccurate information. Immigration policies and labour laws change frequently in Thailand, and enforcement can vary by province.
Tip: Always confirm with official sources—such as the Ministry of Labour, Thai Immigration, or a licensed visa agent—before making important decisions.
6. Ignoring 90-Day Reporting
Even if your work permit is valid, forgetting to complete 90-day address reporting with Immigration can result in fines or issues with your visa status.
Tip: Keep track of your reporting dates, and make sure to submit your report on time—online, by mail, or in person.
Thailand’s work regulations can seem complex at first, but with the right preparation and awareness, it’s entirely manageable. Avoiding these common pitfalls can help ensure a smoother, stress-free experience as you build your life and career in the Land of Smiles.
Work Permit for Freelancers & Remote Workers
The rise of remote work and freelancing has brought a wave of digital professionals to Thailand—but it has also created a legal grey area. Many people assume that working online for foreign clients or companies means a work permit isn’t necessary. However, under Thai law, “work” is broadly defined and includes both physical and mental activity that earns income, regardless of who pays or where the money comes from.
The Legal Grey Zone
There is currently no specific visa or work permit category for freelancers or remote workers who are not employed by a Thai company. This means:
- If you work online while residing in Thailand, you may still be considered as “working” under Thai labour law—even if your income is sourced abroad.
- Technically, this kind of activity requires a work permit, but enforcement is inconsistent and depends on the interpretation of local authorities.
Common Scenarios
Here’s how different types of remote work are generally viewed:
- Freelancers with clients overseas: Legally questionable. Without a Thai-registered company employing or sponsoring you, you’re not covered by standard work permit rules.
- Remote employees for foreign companies: Same as above—no Thai employer, no formal work permit, which puts you in a grey area.
- Freelancers working with Thai clients: This clearly requires a work permit, as it involves income generated within Thailand.
Alternative Options
If you’re planning to live in Thailand while working remotely, consider the following legal pathways:
- Destination Thailand Visa (DTV): As of 2024, this new visa offers a legal route for remote workers, freelancers, and digital nomads who meet specific income and eligibility requirements. However, it’s limited to a 12-month stay (renewable once) and doesn’t currently offer a formal work permit. Get the detailed guide ===> Destination Thailand Visa (DTV)
- BOI-Sponsored Companies: If you set up your own Thai company and register it with the Board of Investment (BOI), you may be eligible for a work permit—even as a remote worker or business operator. Read the detailed guide ===> Thailand Investment Visa
- Privilege Visa or Long-Stay Options: These don’t grant work rights, but many digital nomads choose them for long-term stays, understanding the risks of operating in a grey area. Get the extensive guide ===> Thailand Privilege Visa
Things to Keep in Mind
- Avoid advertising services in Thailand unless you’re fully licensed and permitted to work.
- Don’t engage in paid local projects (even informally) without a valid work permit.
- Be discreet and consult with a legal professional if you’re unsure whether your activities are considered “work” under Thai law.
While Thailand remains a popular destination for digital nomads, its legal framework hasn’t yet fully caught up with the modern realities of remote work. If you’re building a long-term life here as a freelancer or remote worker, it’s worth exploring legitimate visa and company registration options to stay on the right side of the law.
Comparing Visa Types That Allow Work Permits
Not all Thai visas come with work privileges. If you plan to work legally in Thailand, it’s essential to choose a visa that either allows or can be used in conjunction with a work permit. Below is a quick comparison of the main visa types that support legal employment.
1. Non-Immigrant “B” Visa
- Most common option for employment with a Thai company.
- Requires a job offer and supporting documents from your employer.
- Used as the basis for applying for a standard work permit.
- Read the detailed guide ===> Thailand Business Visa (Non-Immigrant B Visa)
2. Non-Immigrant “O” Visa
- Issued to dependents of foreign workers, retirees, or those married to Thai nationals.
- In some cases (e.g. spouses of Thai nationals), it can be paired with a work permit—if eligibility requirements are met.
3. SMART Visa
- Designed for highly skilled professionals, entrepreneurs, investors, and executives in specific industries.
- Offers extended stay and allows work without needing a separate work permit.
- Requires endorsement by a relevant Thai government agency.
- Get the full rundown ===> Thailand SMART Visa
4. Permanent Residence Visa
- Allows long-term residency and, in some cases, the ability to work without needing a separate permit.
- Requires several years of legal stay and meeting strict eligibility criteria.
- Get the complete roadmap ===> Thailand Permanent Residency
Each visa type comes with different conditions, processing times, and documentation requirements. For most expats starting employment in Thailand, the Non-Immigrant “B” Visa remains the most accessible route.
Final Thoughts
Understanding how the Thailand Work Permit system works is essential for anyone planning to live and work here legally. While the process can seem complicated at first—especially with the various visa types, documents, and regulations—it’s manageable with the right information and preparation.
Whether you’re taking a job with a local company, launching your own business, or navigating the uncertain space of remote work, it’s important to know your responsibilities and stay in compliance with Thai labour laws. Doing so not only protects your legal status but also helps build a more stable and long-term life in Thailand.
The system can be strict at times, and requirements may vary depending on your location or situation. When in doubt, consult directly with the Ministry of Labour or a trusted immigration professional to avoid costly mistakes or misunderstandings. Thailand continues to attract professionals from around the world—and with the right approach, it’s entirely possible to work here legally and with peace of mind.